13^th International Conference on Laboratory Medicine & Pathology June 25-26, 2018 Berlin, Germany

A laboratory management system is a software-based laboratory and information management system with features that support a modern laboratory's operations. Laboratory management is responsible for guaranteeing that the job descriptions meet the human resource strategies, laboratory regulations, and accreditations criterions.

Cytogenetics is a subdivision of genetics that is related with the study of the arrangement and function of the cell, specifically the chromosomes. It comprises of routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes, molecular cytogenetics such as comparative genomic hybridization which is the technique for evaluating copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample associated to a reference sample, without the requirement of culturing cells; and fluorescent in situ hybridization, and additional cytogenetic banding techniques.

Clinical microbiology is the study of pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi.  The clinical microbiology as a subdivision of science deals with the interrelation of macro- and microorganisms under normal and pathological conditions. Moreover, in the dynamics of a pathological process with an interpretation for the treatment till the clinical or complete recovery is presented. A clinical microbiologist defines the nature of contagious disease and test the capacity of various antibiotics to inhibit or prevent or kill the isolated microbes.

Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs. It is most often mentioned to as analysis with the medical context being implicit. The information required for diagnosis is characteristically collected from a history and physical examination of the person seeking medical care. A diagnosis, in the sense of diagnostic technique, can be regarded as an attempt at classification of an individual's disorder into isolated and distinct categories that allow medical decisions about cure and prognosis to be made.

Medical Microscopy is the technical arena of using microscopes to view objects and ranges of objects that cannot be seen with the bare eye, objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye. There are three well-known divisions of microscopy- electron, optical and scanning probe microscopy.

Transfusion medicine also termed as transfusiology, is the division of medicine that is related to transfusion of blood and blood components. It comprises of the issues related to blood donation, immunohematology and further laboratory testing, therapeutic apheresis, transfusion practices, stem cell, collections, coagulation, and cellular therapy. Laboratory management and understanding of public and federal regulations associated with blood products is also a huge fragment of the arena.

The practice of pediatric laboratory medicine comprises unique challenges related to expansion, nourishment, development, and diseases throughout different periods of infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Pediatrics laboratory medicine, is the division of medicine that deals with the medical treatment of infants, children, and adolescents, and the age limit usually varies from birth up to 18 years of age The pediatric laboratory medicine comprises of clinical laboratory scientists, clinical pathologists, and clinicians, including point-of-care testing, analytic factors, age specific reference intervals, pre analytic variables, esoteric laboratory examinations and clinical impact. Although stimulating, pediatric laboratory testing offers many opportunities for enhanced patient care, clinical- and laboratory-based investigation, and education.

Clinical pathology also termed as Clinical analysis or Clinical or Medical Biology, is a medical domain that is associated with the analysis of disease centred on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids, such as urine, blood and tissue homogenates or extracts using the tools of chemistry, hematology, microbiology and molecular pathology. This domain needs a medical residency. Clinical pathology offers biochemical analysis of blood and urine for the determination of electrolyte status, diabetic control, markers of tissue destruction, and a host of other constituents in serum and plasma that specify a patient's degree of health or disease.

Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine have been the defining orientation source on estimating the effectiveness of antibiotic compounds in treating infectious ailments for over 35 years. Antibiotics, also known as antibacterial, are a kind of antimicrobial drug used in the cure and inhibition of bacterial toxicities. They may either kill or hinder the advancement of bacteria. Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent bacterial contaminations, and sometimes protozoan contaminations. Like Metronidazole is effective against a numerous parasitic diseases.

Molecular biology is the branch associated to the molecular origin of biological interactions between biomolecules in the several systems of a cell, including the connections between DNA, RNA and proteins and their biosynthesis, and the regulation of these connections. Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the progression of transcription, replication and translation of the genetic material. Molecular Biology is the arena of biology that studies the composition, arrangement and interactions of cellular molecules  such as nucleic acids and proteins  that carry out the biological processes crucial for the cells functions and maintenance. The specific procedures used in molecular biology are instinctive to the arena but may also be pooled with methods and conceptions regarding genetics and biochemistry, so there is no huge difference made between these disciplines.

Clinical Hematology or haematology is the division of medicine related to the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases associated with blood. Hematology comprises the study of etiology. It involves curing diseases that disturb the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, spleen, blood proteins, haemoglobin, platelets, bone marrow, blood vessels, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might consist of blood clots, haemophilia, blood cancers such as leukaemia, myeloma, and lymphoma; and other bleeding disorders. The laboratory work related to the study of blood is often accomplished by a medical scientist or medical laboratory technologist. Many of the hematologists work as hematologist-oncologists, also providing medical cure for all sorts of cancer.

Molecular pathology is an evolving branch within pathology which is concentrated in the study and analysis of disease through the investigation of molecules within organs, tissues or bodily fluids. Molecular pathology shares some characteristics of practice with both anatomic pathology as well as clinical pathology, molecular biology, biochemistry, proteomics and genetics, and is sometimes considered as a "crossover" branch. It is multi-disciplinary in nature and focuses chiefly on the sub-microscopic characteristics of disease. A key consideration is that more precise diagnosis is possible when the diagnosis is based on both the morphologic variations in tissues (traditional anatomic pathology) and on molecular testing.

Laboratory automation is a multi-disciplinary strategy to research, develop, optimize and capitalize on technologies in the laboratory that enable new and improved processes. Laboratory automation professionals are academic, commercial and government researchers, scientists and engineers who conduct research and develop new technologies to increase productivity, elevate experimental data quality, reduce lab process cycle times, or enable experimentation that otherwise would be impossible. The most widely known application of laboratory automation technology is laboratory robotics. More generally, the field of laboratory automation comprises many different automated laboratory instruments, devices (the most common being autosamplers), software algorithms, and methodologies used to enable, expedite and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of scientific research in laboratories.

Quantitative Techniques is basic practical topic that covers downstream processing techniques suitable for production-scale protein purification and illustrates how these techniques should be considered for process development. The focus of this session is on the understanding of the techniques and the parameters governing separation. Detailed presentations of the downstream processing techniques used (crossflow filtration & chromatography) are included as well as content covering optimization and purification strategies. Scale-up issues, column maintenance, and process hygiene are briefly presented to describe the industrial environment and its principal objectives. Additionally, an overview of analytical techniques used for product identification is presented.

Biochemistry studies molecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins. Blotting techniques are what scientists use to separate these types of molecules. In cells, they exist as a mixture. Blotting allows researchers to find one protein among many, like a needle in a haystack. Blotting is generally done by letting a mixture of DNA, RNA or protein flow through a slab of gel. This gel allows small molecules to move faster than bigger ones. The separated molecules are then pressed against a membrane, which helps move the molecules from the gel onto the membrane. The molecules stick to the membrane, but stay in the same location, apart from each other, as if they were still in the gel.

Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues. Tissue engineering involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own.What is Tissue Engineering?What tissue engineering is and how it works?

While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage,[1] blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bioartificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.

Animal Biotechnology is the use of genetic engineering techniques and molecular biology to genetically engineer the animals for agricultural, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. It is used to produce transgenic animals, therapeutic proteins, clones, diseases resistant offspring and organs by xenotransplantation.

This wonderful topic discusses all issues like genetic engineering, transgenic animals by Recombinant DNA techniques, gene knockout techniques which are used in producing organs for human organ replacement, cloning of animals by SCNT, ethical, environmental, regulatory and animal welfare issues.